In a three-phase circuit, there are two primary methods of connecting the three-phase sources or loads: the delta connection and the star (also known as wye) connection. In this response, I'll focus on explaining the delta connection.
A delta connection, also called a delta-wound or simply delta, is a three-phase connection configuration where the end of each phase winding is connected to the start of the next phase winding, forming a closed-loop in the shape of the Greek letter "delta" (Δ). The delta connection is called so because its shape resembles the uppercase letter delta (Δ).
To better understand how it works, consider a three-phase system with three phase windings: A, B, and C. In a delta connection:
The start (beginning) of phase A winding is connected to the end of phase B winding.
The start of phase B winding is connected to the end of phase C winding.
The start of phase C winding is connected to the end of phase A winding.
As a result, the three windings are connected in a loop, forming a closed circuit. The three-phase load or source can be connected across the three connections at the points where the windings are interconnected.
One of the primary advantages of the delta connection is that it doesn't require a neutral wire, making it more suitable for certain types of loads and systems. However, it has a higher line voltage compared to the star connection for the same phase voltage, which may impact certain types of equipment and devices.
In contrast to the delta connection, the star (wye) connection involves connecting all three phases together at a common point, and each phase's other end is connected to individual load or source terminals.
Both delta and star