A basic load cell is a transducer used in force measurement applications to convert a mechanical force (tension or compression) into an electrical signal. The main function of a basic load cell is to accurately measure the force applied to it and provide an output signal that is proportional to the applied force.
Here's how a basic load cell works:
Strain Sensing: Load cells are typically made of a metal alloy, such as stainless steel or aluminum. When a force is applied to the load cell, it deforms slightly due to the strain imposed on the material. This deformation causes a change in the electrical resistance of the load cell's strain gauges, which are bonded to the surface of the load cell.
Wheatstone Bridge Configuration: The strain gauges are connected in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. This bridge circuit helps to amplify the small change in resistance and produces a more robust and measurable electrical signal.
Output Signal: As the force is applied or removed, the resistance of the strain gauges changes accordingly, causing an imbalance in the Wheatstone bridge circuit. This imbalance results in an output voltage that is directly proportional to the applied force. This output signal is often in the form of an analog voltage, usually in mV/V (millivolts per volt), where the mV/V represents the sensitivity of the load cell.
Calibration: Before using a load cell, it needs to be calibrated using known weights or forces to establish the relationship between the output voltage and the applied force accurately.
Applications of basic load cells are widespread and include various industries such as automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, material testing, healthcare, and more. They are commonly used in weighing scales, force measurement devices, industrial automation, and quality control processes where precise force measurement is crucial.