Ohm's Law describes the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit and is represented by the equation:
V = I * R
However, Ohm's Law is not directly applicable to capacitors because capacitors store electric charge and do not have a fixed resistance like resistors. Instead, the relationship between voltage and capacitance in a circuit involves the concept of capacitance (C) and is described by the formula:
Q = C * V
where:
Q = electric charge stored in the capacitor (measured in coulombs, C)
C = capacitance of the capacitor (measured in farads, F)
V = voltage across the capacitor (measured in volts, V)
This equation indicates that the electric charge (Q) stored in a capacitor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) applied across it, with capacitance (C) being the proportionality constant.
When a capacitor is charged, it stores electric charge, and the voltage across it increases as more charge accumulates. Similarly, when the capacitor discharges, the voltage decreases as the stored charge is released. The relationship between voltage and capacitance is crucial in understanding the behavior of capacitors in circuits and their ability to store and release electrical energy.