A passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag is a type of RFID tag that does not have an internal power source. Instead, it relies on the energy transmitted by an RFID reader to power its operation. When the passive RFID tag comes within the operating range of an RFID reader, the reader sends out a radio frequency signal, which the tag uses to power itself momentarily. This energy allows the tag to respond to the reader's query.
The passive RFID tag contains a microchip or integrated circuit (IC) that stores information, and an antenna for communication. When powered, the tag modulates the radio frequency signal it receives from the reader and sends back its stored information to the reader. The reader captures this information, which may include a unique identifier or other data, and uses it for various applications, such as tracking inventory, identifying products, or enabling access control.
One of the key advantages of passive RFID tags is their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Since they don't require an internal power source like batteries, they are smaller, lighter, and less expensive to manufacture. However, they have a limited communication range compared to active RFID tags, which have their own power source and can transmit signals over longer distances.
Passive RFID technology finds applications in various industries, including retail, logistics, healthcare, agriculture, and more, where tracking and identification of objects, assets, or individuals are essential.