A thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a device that converts heat energy into electrical energy through the Seebeck effect. The Seebeck effect occurs when a temperature gradient is applied across a junction of two dissimilar materials, resulting in the generation of a voltage difference and, consequently, an electrical current. This phenomenon allows TEGs to generate electricity from temperature differences.
Applications in Wearable Technology:
Energy Harvesting: One of the main applications of thermoelectric generators in wearable technology is energy harvesting. Wearable devices, such as smartwatches, fitness trackers, and health monitors, are typically powered by batteries that need frequent charging. By incorporating TEGs into these devices, they can harvest the body heat of the wearer and convert it into electrical energy to extend the battery life or even power the device completely.
Self-Powered Sensors: Wearable sensors used for various purposes, like measuring body temperature, heart rate, or monitoring environmental conditions, can benefit from TEGs. These sensors can generate their own electricity from the body's heat or the surrounding environment, eliminating the need for external power sources or batteries.
Smart Clothing: In the realm of smart clothing, TEGs can be integrated into fabrics to create self-powered garments. These smart clothes can then power small electronic components, such as LEDs, small displays, or communication devices, enhancing the functionality of the clothing without relying on external power sources.
Personalized Climate Control: TEGs can be used in wearable climate control devices that adapt to individual preferences and body temperature. By harvesting heat from the body and using it to power thermoelectric coolers or heaters, wearers can experience more comfortable and efficient temperature regulation.
Military and Outdoor Applications: Wearable technology with TEGs can be beneficial in military and outdoor settings where access to traditional power sources may be limited. Soldiers or outdoor enthusiasts can use TEG-powered devices to charge their electronics, such as radios or GPS devices, by utilizing the heat generated from their bodies or other available heat sources.
TEGs have the advantage of being compact, durable, and reliable, making them a promising technology for wearable devices that require efficient, self-sustained power sources. As research and technology advancements continue, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of thermoelectric generators in wearable technology and other fields.