High-voltage electrostatic discharge (ESD) simulators are used in device testing to simulate electrostatic discharge events that devices might experience during handling, transportation, or operation. The voltage requirement for the operation of an ESD simulator can vary depending on the standard being followed and the type of device being tested. Different industry standards specify different voltage levels for ESD testing.
For example, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61000-4-2 standard is commonly used for ESD testing and defines several test levels with corresponding voltages. The test levels are often referred to as "ESD levels" and are designated by numbers such as 2, 4, 6, etc.
As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, here are the typical ESD levels and their corresponding voltages specified by the IEC 61000-4-2 standard:
ESD Level 2: ±2 kV
ESD Level 4: ±4 kV
ESD Level 6: ±6 kV
ESD Level 8: ±8 kV
ESD Level 15: ±15 kV
These voltages represent the peak voltages of the simulated electrostatic discharge events. Keep in mind that the specific requirements may have changed since then, and it's important to refer to the latest version of the relevant standards for the most up-to-date information.
Additionally, different industries and applications might have their own specific standards or requirements for ESD testing. It's recommended to consult the appropriate industry standards and guidelines for the precise voltage requirements for your particular testing scenario.